Chapter Two Homework.

1) What was the impact of England's defeat of Spanish Armada? England remained independent and protestant. England showed that it could defend itself.

2) What was the status of England as it began colonization? Hopeful and eager to expand. They felt invincible after the defeat of the Spanish armada.

3) How was the first permanent English settlement financed? Permission to found the first permanent English colonies in America was given in 1607 in a Royal Charter by James I - hence the name Jamestown.

It was sponsored and fully financed by "The Virginia Company of London" one half of an English joint stock company, "The Virginia Company" (the other half being " The Virginia Company of Plymouth").

4) How were Virginia, Maryland, the Carolinas, and Georgia similar?

Virginia, Maryland, the Carolinas, and Georgia were similar in that they were all economically dependent on the export of a staple crop. They were also part of the original 13 colonies.

5) Why was it important that all English settlers in the New World retained the rights of Englishmen? They were formerly under the rule of the British monarchy and had enjoyed and understood the rights they had such as the right to trial by jury, security from unlawful entry into one's home, and the right to not being taxed without consent. They brought these ideas with them to their colonies.

6) How would one characterize the early years at Jamestown? Starvation, disease, and frequent Indian raids. In 1622, Indians attacked the settlement, which killed many of the people and livestock.

7) How did Captain John Smith "save" Jamestown? Captain John Smith said that each healthy person, whether laborer or gentlemen, must gather as much food to eat as he did each day or be banished. The order did not pertain to the sick. The sick did not have to gather food and were provided food. This policy is sometimes called his no work, no eating policy.

8) What were the factors leading to the downfall of the Powhatans? In addition to the ongoing conflicts with the ever-expanding English settlements and their inhabitants, the Powhatan suffered a high death rate due to infectious diseases, maladies introduced to North America by the Europeans to which the Native Americans had developed no natural immunities. These factors lead to the downfall of the Powhatans.

9) What was the impact of the tobacco industry on Jamestown? The success of Jamestown's tobacco is credited not only to importation of a Spanish strain, but to his finding better ways of growing and curing it. Jamestown was scheduled to be abandoned before this crop made the colony economically viable.

10) What was the House of Burgesses an important precedent in the American colonies? The first legislature anywhere in the English colonies in America was in Virginia. This was the House of Burgesses, and it first met on July 30, 1619, at a church in Jamestown.

11) Why was Maryland established?  Who founded it?

Maryland was founded by Lord Baltimore, as a refuge for Catholics, who were discriminated against back in England.

12) What was the Barbados slave code? The Barbados Slave Code of 1661 is the English code set up to provide a legal base for slavery in Barbados.

13) Why was Georgia founded?  By whom? Georgia was intended to be a place where the "worthy poor" of Britain could reestablish themselves as productive citizens. This goal was seen as both philanthropic, helping these distressed people, and patriotic.

14) What were the similarities/differences in the southern plantations colonies by 1750? The colonies by the 1750s had achieved a standard of living about as high as Britain, with far more self-government than anywhere else.